[Full-Disclosure] Proofpoint Protection Server remote MySQL root user vulnerability
From: anony mous (auto355649_at_hushmail.com)
Date: 02/22/04
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To: full-disclosure@lists.netsys.com Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 19:09:10 -0800
Product: Protection Server
Version: unknown/Red Hat Linux
Developer: Proofpoint
URL: www.proofpoint.com
Summary:
The MySQL server may be remotely access by the "root" user without using
a password.
Details:
The Proofpoint Protection Server is a software product to filter spam
and other e-mail traffic. It's installed on Red Hat Linux. A partial
customer list may be found on their website.
By default, the embedded MySQL 4.0 server binds to the default port (3306/tcp)
on every IP. The software has no packet filtering or port restrictions
of it's own, so all bound ports are wide open to the network.
The specific flaw is that the "root" user in MySQL is not restricted
from connecting from any host ('%') and additionally the root user HAS
NO PASSWORD. There are a few minor restrictions on the root user when
logging in from a remote host, such as no Reload_priv (more on this later),
but basic functions like INSERT and DELETE are allowed.
Exploiting this is as easy as
$ mysql -u root -h a.b.c.d
From there you can view contents of the different databases, including
dumping the hashed passwords for any of the password-protected users.
You can then run one of the brute-force MySQL password hash crackers
against them (it's the old-style 16byte hashes).
It is also possible to create new users indirectly by INSERT'ing into
the user table for database mysql. Remote root will not be able to FLUSH
PRIVILEGES (required to make the user active--this is because no Reload_priv),
but if the database is restarted for any reason those users will become
active and able to authenticate. Remote root also has the ability to
delete users.
More destructive operations were not tested due to the accidental nature
of discovery, but use your imagination (certainly a DoS is possible simply
by deleting users required by the system). Also since the systems are
running on Red Hat, it may be possible to exploit one of several recent
vulnerabilities in the Linux 2.4 kernel through MySQL.
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